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On glitchy EV software, calm Atlantic waters, and solar panels
Current conditions: Japan recorded its hottest summer ever • Tropical Storm Yagi killed at least 14 people in the Philippines and is forecast to strengthen as it heads toward China • Cooling centers are open in L.A. as another powerful heat wave bakes California.
U.S. climate envoy John Podesta will head to Beijing this week for a second round of formal climate talks with his Chinese counterpart Liu Zhenmin. From Wednesday through Friday the two men will discuss their countries’ respective 2035 emissions targets and climate finance ahead of November’s COP29 climate summit. The U.S. is trying to encourage China to commit to more ambitious emissions cuts, and contribute funds to the New Collective Quantified Goal to help developing countries build climate resilience. According toReuters, “few analysts expect this week’s talks to deliver much progress.” The U.S. and China are the world’s top greenhouse gas emitters.
The Atlantic Ocean has been strangely quiet over the last few weeks, and meteorologists are baffled. “Despite several disturbances peppering the Atlantic from the Gulf of Mexico to Africa this Labor Day – a traditionally active turn in the hurricane season – none show any immediate signs of development,” wrote Michael Lowry in his Eye on the Tropics newsletter. Indeed the National Hurricane Center currently shows two areas of interest, both with very little chance of forming into a storm system to be worried about. “The quiet is eerie but no one is complaining,” said research meteorologist Ryan Maue. Hurricane season peaks one week from today.
National Hurricane Center/NOAA
With four months left in 2024, the number of deaths reported in Grand Canyon National Park this year has reached 14, just shy of the annual average of 15, according toThe Hill. There are a number of factors at play but the rise in fatalities comes as climate change brings more dangerous weather to the popular park, including extreme heat and flash floods. Just in the last 10 days, three people have been found dead. A recent study from the National Park Service concluded that more extreme heat is significantly increasing the risk of heat-related illness for visitors. Temperatures at the bottom of the canyon regularly reach 120 degrees Fahrenheit and can go higher as the dark stones absorb heat. But flash floods are common, too, and can catch hikers off guard. “The arid, sparsely vegetated environment here means that rainfall quickly generates runoff because the ground doesn’t absorb it well,” National Park Service spokesperson Rebecca Roland said. A flash flood tore through the canyon on August 22 and killed a 33-year-old woman.
If you’re thinking of installing solar panels but still on the fence, maybe consider that taking the plunge could turn you into an influencer who inspires your neighbors to install their own solar panels, too. A recent study published in the journal Energy Research & Social Science looked at solar installations in Australia and specifically the so-called neighborhood effect that’s observed when a technology becomes more visible and subsequently more popular. The researchers found that “once a few houses in a neighborhood had solar, solar got installed faster – translating on average to 15-20 extra solar installations per postal area per year.” They estimate that in 2018, the neighborhood effect was responsible for about 18% of the annual number of installations in Australia. “We do care what our peers are doing,” the researchers wrote. “This is nothing to be ashamed of. As we work to secure a liveable climate, the neighborhood effect can play an important role.” While this study focused on uptake in Australia, the neighborhood effect has been observed in relation to solar installations in the U.S., too.
Today seems to be the day everyone is publishing their first-drive reviews of the Volvo EX90, the company’s new flagship all-electric SUV. The long-delayed, three-row vehicle starts at a base price of $82,290, and has a range between 296 and 308 miles. It’s being manufactured in South Carolina and U.S. deliveries are expected toward the end of 2024. Here’s a distilled version of what everyone is saying:
The good: The SUV is comfortable, cushy, and beautifully designed. “The cabin has a nice ambience and a cool, premium feel.” It has a very smooth ride and incredible torque considering its hefty weight. And the sound system is “genuinely astonishing.”
The bad: Software glitches (no Apple CarPlay or Android Auto at launch, non-functional lidar), buggy connectivity (the phone-as-key feature seems particularly confused), battery drain when parked, and a cramped back row.
The bottom lines:
“It’s getting so hot that the pieces that hold the concrete and steel, those bridges can literally fall apart like Tinkertoys.” –Paul Chinowsky, a professor of civil engineering at the University of Colorado Boulder, explains how extreme heat affects infrastructure.
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A conversation with VDE Americas CEO Brian Grenko.
This week’s Q&A is about hail. Last week, we explained how and why hail storm damage in Texas may have helped galvanize opposition to renewable energy there. So I decided to reach out to Brian Grenko, CEO of renewables engineering advisory firm VDE Americas, to talk about how developers can make sure their projects are not only resistant to hail but also prevent that sort of pushback.
The following conversation has been lightly edited for clarity.
Hiya Brian. So why’d you get into the hail issue?
Obviously solar panels are made with glass that can allow the sunlight to come through. People have to remember that when you install a project, you’re financing it for 35 to 40 years. While the odds of you getting significant hail in California or Arizona are low, it happens a lot throughout the country. And if you think about some of these large projects, they may be in the middle of nowhere, but they are taking hundreds if not thousands of acres of land in some cases. So the chances of them encountering large hail over that lifespan is pretty significant.
We partnered with one of the country’s foremost experts on hail and developed a really interesting technology that can digest radar data and tell folks if they’re developing a project what the [likelihood] will be if there’s significant hail.
Solar panels can withstand one-inch hail – a golfball size – but once you get over two inches, that’s when hail starts breaking solar panels. So it’s important to understand, first and foremost, if you’re developing a project, you need to know the frequency of those events. Once you know that, you need to start thinking about how to design a system to mitigate that risk.
The government agencies that look over land use, how do they handle this particular issue? Are there regulations in place to deal with hail risk?
The regulatory aspects still to consider are about land use. There are authorities with jurisdiction at the federal, state, and local level. Usually, it starts with the local level and with a use permit – a conditional use permit. The developer goes in front of the township or the city or the county, whoever has jurisdiction of wherever the property is going to go. That’s where it gets political.
To answer your question about hail, I don’t know if any of the [authority having jurisdictions] really care about hail. There are folks out there that don’t like solar because it’s an eyesore. I respect that – I don’t agree with that, per se, but I understand and appreciate it. There’s folks with an agenda that just don’t want solar.
So okay, how can developers approach hail risk in a way that makes communities more comfortable?
The bad news is that solar panels use a lot of glass. They take up a lot of land. If you have hail dropping from the sky, that’s a risk.
The good news is that you can design a system to be resilient to that. Even in places like Texas, where you get large hail, preparing can mean the difference between a project that is destroyed and a project that isn’t. We did a case study about a project in the East Texas area called Fighting Jays that had catastrophic damage. We’re very familiar with the area, we work with a lot of clients, and we found three other projects within a five-mile radius that all had minimal damage. That simple decision [to be ready for when storms hit] can make the complete difference.
And more of the week’s big fights around renewable energy.
1. Long Island, New York – We saw the face of the resistance to the war on renewable energy in the Big Apple this week, as protestors rallied in support of offshore wind for a change.
2. Elsewhere on Long Island – The city of Glen Cove is on the verge of being the next New York City-area community with a battery storage ban, discussing this week whether to ban BESS for at least one year amid fire fears.
3. Garrett County, Maryland – Fight readers tell me they’d like to hear a piece of good news for once, so here’s this: A 300-megawatt solar project proposed by REV Solar in rural Maryland appears to be moving forward without a hitch.
4. Stark County, Ohio – The Ohio Public Siting Board rejected Samsung C&T’s Stark Solar project, citing “consistent opposition to the project from each of the local government entities and their impacted constituents.”
5. Ingham County, Michigan – GOP lawmakers in the Michigan State Capitol are advancing legislation to undo the state’s permitting primacy law, which allows developers to evade municipalities that deny projects on unreasonable grounds. It’s unlikely the legislation will become law.
6. Churchill County, Nevada – Commissioners have upheld the special use permit for the Redwood Materials battery storage project we told you about last week.
Long Islanders, meanwhile, are showing up in support of offshore wind, and more in this week’s edition of The Fight.
Local renewables restrictions are on the rise in the Hawkeye State – and it might have something to do with carbon pipelines.
Iowa’s known as a renewables growth area, producing more wind energy than any other state and offering ample acreage for utility-scale solar development. This has happened despite the fact that Iowa, like Ohio, is home to many large agricultural facilities – a trait that has often fomented conflict over specific projects. Iowa has defied this logic in part because the state was very early to renewables, enacting a state portfolio standard in 1983, signed into law by a Republican governor.
But something else is now on the rise: Counties are passing anti-renewables moratoria and ordinances restricting solar and wind energy development. We analyzed Heatmap Pro data on local laws and found a rise in local restrictions starting in 2021, leading to nearly 20 of the state’s 99 counties – about one fifth – having some form of restrictive ordinance on solar, wind or battery storage.
What is sparking this hostility? Some of it might be counties following the partisan trend, as renewable energy has struggled in hyper-conservative spots in the U.S. But it may also have to do with an outsized focus on land use rights and energy development that emerged from the conflict over carbon pipelines, which has intensified opposition to any usage of eminent domain for energy development.
The central node of this tension is the Summit Carbon Solutions CO2 pipeline. As we explained in a previous edition of The Fight, the carbon transportation network would cross five states, and has galvanized rural opposition against it. Last November, I predicted the Summit pipeline would have an easier time under Trump because of his circle’s support for oil and gas, as well as the placement of former North Dakota Governor Doug Burgum as interior secretary, as Burgum was a major Summit supporter.
Admittedly, this prediction has turned out to be incorrect – but it had nothing to do with Trump. Instead, Summit is now stalled because grassroots opposition to the pipeline quickly mobilized to pressure regulators in states the pipeline is proposed to traverse. They’re aiming to deny the company permits and lobbying state legislatures to pass bills banning the use of eminent domain for carbon pipelines. One of those states is South Dakota, where the governor last month signed an eminent domain ban for CO2 pipelines. On Thursday, South Dakota regulators denied key permits for the pipeline for the third time in a row.
Another place where the Summit opposition is working furiously: Iowa, where opposition to the CO2 pipeline network is so intense that it became an issue in the 2020 presidential primary. Regulators in the state have been more willing to greenlight permits for the project, but grassroots activists have pressured many counties into some form of opposition.
The same counties with CO2 pipeline moratoria have enacted bans or land use restrictions on developing various forms of renewables, too. Like Kossuth County, which passed a resolution decrying the use of eminent domain to construct the Summit pipeline – and then three months later enacted a moratorium on utility-scale solar.
I asked Jessica Manzour, a conservation program associate with Sierra Club fighting the Summit pipeline, about this phenomenon earlier this week. She told me that some counties are opposing CO2 pipelines and then suddenly tacking on or pivoting to renewables next. In other cases, counties with a burgeoning opposition to renewables take up the pipeline cause, too. In either case, this general frustration with energy companies developing large plots of land is kicking up dust in places that previously may have had a much lower opposition risk.
“We painted a roadmap with this Summit fight,” said Jess Manzour, a campaigner with Sierra Club involved in organizing opposition to the pipeline at the grassroots level, who said zealous anti-renewables activists and officials are in some cases lumping these items together under a broad umbrella. ”I don’t know if it’s the people pushing for these ordinances, rather than people taking advantage of the situation.”