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Hotspots

A Midwestern Shot/Chaser for Renewables

The week’s most important conflicts around the energy transition.

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Heatmap illustration

1. Madison County, Ohio – All eyes are now on the Ohio Supreme Court, after opponents of the nation’s largest agri-voltaics project – Savion’s Oak Run solar farm – yesterday formally appealed a key approval from the state Power Siting Board.

  • We’ve previously explored how the fight over Oak Run is a flashpoint for solar on farmland. But perhaps even more important: it could decide the threshold for rejecting renewables in Ohio towns and counties that don’t want more projects.
  • Matt Eisenson at Columbia’s Sabin Center for Climate Law represents landowners intervening in support of the project. The big legal question in this appeal, he said, “is the extent to which public opinion and opposition by local government officials can be viewed as a proxy for the public interest.”
  • “[A]s a matter of law, one of the criteria for approval by the Ohio Power Siting Board is whether a project will serve the public interest, convenience, and necessity,” he explained in an email last night. “Can the Siting Board conclude, on the basis of local opposition alone, that a project does not serve the public interest?”
  • Eisenson said other legal challenges against other solar projects – Lightsource bp’s Birch Solar and Vesper Energy’s Kingwood Solar – could also decide this question. But crucially, Oak Run is the lone project of the three that was approved by the siting board.

2. Nassau County, New York – RWE and National Grid submitted the nation’s biggest offshore wind proposal to date to be built in the New York Bight with interconnection points in Brooklyn and Long Island …

  • …and days later, the member of Congress representing the Long Island connection point – Republican Rep. Anthony D’Esposito – came out against offshore wind.
  • Ironically, D’Esposito is the top Republican on the congressional offshore wind caucus.
  • “I was just asked the other day, why don’t you support offshore wind and certain battery storage?” D’Esposito said at a debate last week. “I don’t really see how building offshore wind farms and giant battery storage facilities is going to stop flooding in low-lying areas.”
  • If D’Esposito wins re-election, I expect him to become a Chris Smith-like figure in New York and take up the cause opposing offshore wind projects. It won’t matter for legislation – but as we’ve shown with other project fights, field hearings and oversight letters can be harmful to an individual project’s public perception.

3. Swift County, Minnesota – Rarely do we talk pro-renewables decisions here in The Fight’s Hotspots… but that changes today thanks to a rural Minnesota county rejecting a moratorium.

  • County commissioners blocked a moratorium, proposed by a petition signed by over 400 locals, for the second time last week, according to local media outlet West Central Tribune. If enacted, per the Tribune, it would bar Apex Clean Energy from constructing at least one utility scale solar farm in the western part of the county that could generate up to 400 megawatts in carbon-free power.
  • The commissioners have instead delegated the moratorium conversation to a renewable energy-focused committee with no clear timetable to conclude its work.

4. Fayette County, Pennsylvania – Another spot to watch for an anti-solar and wind ordinance is this county where developers are vying to stop restrictive property setback requirements.

  • If adopted, solar projects would have to be built in areas zoned for light or heavy industry and get special permits. They’d also have to be 300-600 feet from property lines and 1,200 feet from state roads.
  • Commissioners told the public and would-be solar developer Prospect 14 last week at a hearing it would study the legal and technical details of the subject and vote on the proposal at a later, unspecified date.
  • I’m not optimistic this county will side with the developers. The county zoning commission just rejected a Susquehanna Solar project because it was proposed too close to a school. The county also swung hard for Donald Trump in 2016, which Heatmap Pro’s data finds to be a flashing danger sign for developers.

5. Carroll County, Maryland – Developers have released the route for the Piedmont Reliability Project, a transmission proposal that will connect to a nuclear plant in Pennsylvania and will criss-cross Maryland. Some of the power will feed to data centers in Northern Virginia.

  • You can see a map of the transmission line route here. The line is necessary to avoid blackouts from coal plant retirements, which is partially why we included it on Heatmap’s list of 10 at-risk projects in the energy transition. (I would note state officials have stated this project is not a part of their climate goals, likely because some of the energy will feed data centers.)
  • Piedmont’s biggest hurdles are the same rural Maryland counties opposed to solar and wind on farmland. Residents are in outcry mode.
  • Public meetings on the proposal will be Nov. 12 in Baltimore County, Nov. 13 in Carroll County, and Nov. 14 in Frederick County. Dear reader, should I go to one?

Here’s what else we’ve been watching…

In Idaho, regulators approved a solar project on state endowment land – and of course, some Republican politicians are grousing about it.

In Kentucky, only three people showed up to oppose NextEra’s Weirs Creek solar project.

In Maine, state regulators were rejected by federal officials after a request for money to fund a proposed offshore wind construction site on Sears Island.

In Michigan, towns are sounding like they’re going to sue over a local control law intended to speed up renewables deployment.

In Virginia, county regulators are battling one another over a 2,200 acre solar farm proposed by AES Corporation in Isle of Wight county.

In New York, the upstate village of Wilson has enacted a battery storage moratorium.

Also in New York, Attentive Energy pulled out of the fifth offshore wind solicitation.

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Spotlight

Anti-Wind Activists Have a Big Ask for the Big Man

The Trump administration is now being lobbied to nix offshore wind projects already under construction.

Trump and offshore wind.
Getty Images / Heatmap Illustration

Anti-wind activists have joined with well-connected figures in conservative legal and energy circles to privately lobby the Trump administration to undo permitting decisions by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, according to documents obtained by Heatmap.

Representatives of conservative think tanks and legal nonprofits — including the Caesar Rodney Institute, the Heartland Institute and Committee for a Constructive Tomorrow, or CFACT — sent a letter to Interior Secretary Doug Burgum dated February 11 requesting that the Trump administration “immediately revoke” letters from NOAA to 11 offshore wind projects authorizing “incidental takes,” a term of regulatory art referencing accidental and permissible harassment, injury, or potential deaths under federal endangered species and mammal protection laws. The letter lays out a number of perceived issues with how those approvals have historically been issued for offshore wind companies and claims the government has improperly analyzed the cumulative effects of adding offshore wind to the ocean’s existing industrialization. NOAA oversees marine species protection.

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Hotspots

The Great Battery PR Fire of 2025

And more of the week’s biggest conflicts around renewable energy.

Renewable energy fights
Heatmap Illustration

1. Monterey County, California – The Moss Landing battery fire is now the big renewables PR crisis we should all be watching, even with Trump 2.0 going on.

  • Whereas before a battery fire news cycle might last a week, this story’s now in thermal runaway, as The New York Times has taken to profiling the sick and injured. Affected residents have now sued Vistra Energy, operator of the Moss Landing battery storage facility, for damages. Famed environmentalist Erin Brockovich is now involved, working in tandem with victims’ attorneys. Nearby San Luis Obispo and Orange counties have now issued temporary moratoriums on new battery storage.
  • It’s worth considering how much of this is unique to Moss Landing. The residents’ legal comaplint takes aim at the use of nickel manganese cobalt batteries (NCM) for storage, as opposed to lithium iron-phosphate (LFP) chemistries. NCM is an historically popular battery chemistry used in consumer electronics and electric vehicles … but not as often with storage.
  • “Because they are safer, most energy storage projects around the world have been transitioning to LFP batteries,” the complaint states. “NMC batteries undergo thermal runaway at a lower temperature and release more energy from decomposition, while LFP batteries can withstand higher temperatures than NCM batteries before beginning the thermal runaway process.”
  • The lawsuit also claims the fire suppression system at Moss Landing was faulty and contrasts its behavior with a fire at a “neighboring Tesla project, which used safer and less volatile LFP batteries,” and which it says was “quickly extinguished.”

2. Portage County, Wisconsin – Doral Renewables’ Vista Sands solar project is facing a prolonged legal fight with the Wisconsin Wildlife Federation, a state outdoor recreation and wildlife advocacy group. At the center of the conflict is a bird that’s long bedeviled developers of all stripes: the greater prairie chicken.

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Policy Watch

Building Renewable Energy on Castles of Sand

A look at the biggest news around renewable energy policy this week.

Wind turbines
Getty Images / Heatmap Illustration

1. The anti-renewable locavore – Republican lawmakers are aiming to empower localities to block renewables projects, a similar scene to what’s played out in Ohio, where state legislators gave towns the power to have a final word on development instead of state-led entities.

2. Sgamma thoughts – Trump selected Kathleen Sgamma, head of the pro-oil Western Energy Alliance, to head the Bureau of Land Management. What does this mean for renewables developers? It’s hard to tell because so much of her time was spent on a single mission: liberating as much oil from the ground as possible.

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