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On the White House's big announcement, scorched Colombia, and rhino IVF
Current conditions: Spain experienced its warmest January day ever recorded • Huge parts of the U.S. are blanketed in dense fog • California is bracing for another atmospheric river that could bring heavy rain.
The Biden administration confirmed this morning that it is pausing approvals of contentious liquified natural gas (LNG) export terminals until the climate impacts of such projects can be better understood. The New York Timesbroke the news earlier this week but the White House didn't comment until today. Any review by the Department of Energy of LNG environmental impacts would take time, and likely delay the approvals for the new terminals until after the 2024 election.
The largest solar power and battery storage project in the U.S. officially came online this week. The Edwards & Sanborn facility has 2 million solar panels and 120,720 storage batteries, and stretches across 4,600 acres of California’s Mojave Desert. It can generate 875 megawatts from solar, and has 3,287 megawatt-hours of energy storage. Canary Media’s Eric Wesoff called projects like these “bright spots in the U.S. renewable energy landscape,” and explained that “as solar makes up a bigger and bigger share of grid power, battery storage is needed to soak up surplus daytime energy and make it available for use later in the day.”
Colombia is asking for help from the international community as it battles wildfires that have scorched more than 16,300 acres of land. Hot and dry conditions mean more than 87% of the country is at “maximum risk” for fires, according to AFP. Some towns have seen temperatures upwards of 105 degrees Fahrenheit this week, and at least 62 municipalities are facing water shortages. In the nation’s capital of Bogota, residents are choking on smoke. President Gustavo Petro declared a “situation of disaster and calamity” and pleaded for assistance from countries that have “enormous experience” fighting fires, including the U.S. The conditions fueling the fires have been linked to the El Niño weather pattern, but Petro noted the role of climate change, as well, and called on “every mayor, every governor and the national government” to prioritize water supplies.
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Americans are likely to start hearing a lot more about a company called Drax. The British power plant operator is “beefing up its presence” in the U.S., reported the Times of London, starting with a new Houston-based subsidiary and plan to build out two biomass power plants that can capture and store carbon. Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage, or BECCS, is when biomass like wood is burned to generate electricity, and the resulting emissions are captured and stored. It’s “the only carbon dioxide removal technique that can also provide energy,” the International Energy Agency explained, and “plays an important role in decarbonising sectors such as heavy industry, aviation and trucking.” But critics worry the practice encourages deforestation and that the capturing and storing part of the equation is unproven. Drax, it seems, wants a taste of those sweet, sweet, U.S. green tax credits: The company aims to remove at least 6 million tons of carbon dioxide every year, and would reportedly be eligible for tax breaks of $85 per ton of carbon captured.
Donald Trump has threatened to gut President Biden’s Inflation Reduction (IRA) Act should he win back the White House in November, but the CEO of the biggest renewable energy developer in the U.S. isn’t worried. NextEra boss John Ketchum told analysts this week that it’s “really hard to overturn existing law … no matter what the political winds are.” The company saw record orders for renewables and battery storage for the second year in a row in 2023, the Financial Times reported, and raked in annual net profits of $7.3 billion, up from $4.2 billion in 2022. It expects to have 63 megawatts of renewable energy projects in operation by 2026, which is “more than all but nine countries in the world,” the FT added.
Ketchum said: “In the 21 years I’ve been at the company, as we’ve changed administrations and as we’ve seen changes in Congress, we’ve never seen a change or repeal of tax credits – no matter what form they’ve taken.”
“I think with this achievement, we are very confident that we will be able to create northern white rhinos in the same manner and that we will be able to save the species.” –Scientist Susanne Holtze, commenting on the world’s first IVF rhino pregnancy
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Plus 3 more outstanding questions about this ongoing emergency.
As Los Angeles continued to battle multiple big blazes ripping through some of the most beloved (and expensive) areas of the city on Thursday, a question lingered in the background: What caused the fires in the first place?
Though fires are less common in California during this time of the year, they aren’t unheard of. In early December 2017, power lines sparked the Thomas Fire near Ventura, California, which burned through to mid-January. At the time it was the largest fire in the state since at least the 1930s. Now it’s the ninth-largest. Although that fire was in a more rural area, it ignited for many of the same reasons we’re seeing fires this week.
Read on for everything we know so far about how the fires started.
Five major fires started during the Santa Ana wind event this week:
Officials have not made any statements about the cause of any of the fires yet.
On Thursday morning, Edward Nordskog, a retired fire investigator from the Los Angeles Sheriff’s Department, told me it was unlikely they had even begun looking into the root of the biggest and most destructive of the fires in the Pacific Palisades. “They don't start an investigation until it's safe to go into the area where the fire started, and it just hasn't been safe until probably today,” he said.
It can take years to determine the cause of a fire. Investigators did not pinpoint the cause of the Thomas Fire until March 2019, more than two years after it started.
But Nordskog doesn’t think it will take very long this time. It’s easier to narrow down the possibilities for an urban fire because there are typically both witnesses and surveillance footage, he told me. He said the most common causes of wildfires in Los Angeles are power lines and those started by unhoused people. They can also be caused by sparks from vehicles or equipment.
At about 27,000 acres burned, these fires are unlikely to make the charts for the largest in California history. But because they are burning in urban, densely populated, and expensive areas, they could be some of the most devastating. With an estimated 2,000 structures damaged so far, the Eaton and Palisades fires are likely to make the list for most destructive wildfire events in the state.
And they will certainly be at the top for costliest. The Palisades Fire has already been declared a likely contender for the most expensive wildfire in U.S. history. It has destroyed more than 1,000 structures in some of the most expensive zip codes in the country. Between that and the Eaton Fire, Accuweather estimates the damages could reach $57 billion.
While we don’t know the root causes of the ignitions, several factors came together to create perfect fire conditions in Southern California this week.
First, there’s the Santa Ana winds, an annual phenomenon in Southern California, when very dry, high-pressure air gets trapped in the Great Basin and begins escaping westward through mountain passes to lower-pressure areas along the coast. Most of the time, the wind in Los Angeles blows eastward from the ocean, but during a Santa Ana event, it changes direction, picking up speed as it rushes toward the sea.
Jon Keeley, a research scientist with the US Geological Survey and an adjunct professor at the University of California, Los Angeles told me that Santa Ana winds typically blow at maybe 30 to 40 miles per hour, while the winds this week hit upwards of 60 to 70 miles per hour. “More severe than is normal, but not unique,” he said. “We had similar severe winds in 2017 with the Thomas Fire.”
Second, Southern California is currently in the midst of extreme drought. Winter is typically a rainier season, but Los Angeles has seen less than half an inch of rain since July. That means that all the shrubland vegetation in the area is bone-dry. Again, Keeley said, this was not usual, but not unique. Some years are drier than others.
These fires were also not a question of fuel management, Keeley told me. “The fuels are not really the issue in these big fires. It's the extreme winds,” he said. “You can do prescription burning in chaparral and have essentially no impact on Santa Ana wind-driven fires.” As far as he can tell, based on information from CalFire, the Eaton Fire started on an urban street.
While it’s likely that climate change played a role in amplifying the drought, it’s hard to say how big a factor it was. Patrick Brown, a climate scientist at the Breakthrough Institute and adjunct professor at Johns Hopkins University, published a long post on X outlining the factors contributing to the fires, including a chart of historic rainfall during the winter in Los Angeles that shows oscillations between very wet and very dry years over the past eight decades. But climate change is expected to make dry years drier in Los Angeles. “The LA area is about 3°C warmer than it would be in preindustrial conditions, which (all else being equal) works to dry fuels and makes fires more intense,” Brown wrote.
And more of this week’s top renewable energy fights across the country.
1. Otsego County, Michigan – The Mitten State is proving just how hard it can be to build a solar project in wooded areas. Especially once Fox News gets involved.
2. Atlantic County, New Jersey – Opponents of offshore wind in Atlantic City are trying to undo an ordinance allowing construction of transmission cables that would connect the Atlantic Shores offshore wind project to the grid.
3. Benton County, Washington – Sorry Scout Clean Energy, but the Yakima Nation is coming for Horse Heaven.
Here’s what else we’re watching right now…
In Connecticut, officials have withdrawn from Vineyard Wind 2 — leading to the project being indefinitely shelved.
In Indiana, Invenergy just got a rejection from Marshall County for special use of agricultural lands.
In Kansas, residents in Dickinson County are filing legal action against county commissioners who approved Enel’s Hope Ridge wind project.
In Kentucky, a solar project was actually approved for once – this time for the East Kentucky Power Cooperative.
In North Carolina, Davidson County is getting a solar moratorium.
In Pennsylvania, the town of Unity rejected a solar project. Elsewhere in the state, the developer of the Newton 1 solar project is appealing their denial.
In South Carolina, a state appeals court has upheld the rejection of a 2,300 acre solar project proposed by Coastal Pine Solar.
In Washington State, Yakima County looks like it’ll keep its solar moratorium in place.
And more of this week’s top policy news around renewables.
1. Trump’s Big Promise – Our nation’s incoming president is now saying he’ll ban all wind projects on Day 1, an expansion of his previous promise to stop only offshore wind.
2. The Big Nuclear Lawsuit – Texas and Utah are suing to kill the Nuclear Regulatory Commission’s authority to license small modular reactors.
3. Biden’s parting words – The Biden administration has finished its long-awaited guidance for the IRA’s tech-neutral electricity credit (which barely changed) and hydrogen production credit.